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81.
以致病性哈氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)腹腔注射布氏石斑鱼(Epinephelus bleekeri)18h后,取布氏石斑鱼头肾制备头肾粗提物,并对该粗提物的抗菌活性进行研究,结果表明:布氏石斑鱼经哈氏弧菌诱导后,其头肾粗提物不仅对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphyloccocus aureus)等革兰氏阳性菌有良好抑制作用,而且对大肠杆菌D31(Escherichio coli D31)、哈氏弧菌和溶藻弧菌(V.alginolyticus)等革兰氏阴性菌也有良好抑制效果;利用电泳凝胶琼脂糖弥散法检测发现,头肾粗提物中具有多种对大肠杆菌D31有较强作用效果的蛋白类抗菌物质;切胶回收AU—PAGE凝胶上的抗菌组分,利用SDS—PAGE凝胶检测各抗菌活性组分的分子质量大小依次约为:10.9KD,10.0KD,8.1KD,7.2KD,6.3KD,由于这些抗菌活性成分可被蛋白酶破坏,且分子质量均接近或低于10KD,可初步将其认定为抗菌肽。 相似文献
82.
In this paper, genetic diversity of intraspecies, and genetic relationship of interspecies in Epinephelus spp. (E. merra, E. fario, E. awoara, E. akaara and E. septemfasciatus) were assessed by using mitochondrial DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms (mtDNA RFLPs).The samples were collected from the coastal area of Zhanjiang,Guangdong province. MtDNA was extracted from the fresh liver tissue by applying a difference centrifugation procedures. Using 17 restriction enzymes with 5-or 6-bp recognition sites, the purified mtDNA was cleaved by single enzymes. These enzymes included BamH Ⅰ,Bgl Ⅰ,Bgl Ⅱ,Dra Ⅰ,EcoR Ⅰ,EcoR Ⅴ,Hind Ⅲ,Kpn Ⅰ,Mlu Ⅰ,Pst Ⅰ,Pvu Ⅱ,Sal Ⅰ,Sca Ⅰ,Sma Ⅰ,Sty Ⅰ,Xba Ⅰ and Xho Ⅰ. The phylogenetic analysis was done using the Neighbor joining(NJ) method and Unweighted pairgroup method with arithmetic mean(UPGMA) method. Genetic diversity indices such as haplotype diversity (h), average genetic distance between haplotypes (P) and nucleotide diversity (π) were calculated using Nei and Li's segment method to quantify the genetic diversity within species. There were 8, 5, 8, 5 and 2 haplotypes detected within E. merra, E. fario, E.awoara, E.akaara and E. septemfasciatus, respectively. The haplotype diversity (h) was 0.8943, 0.6186, 0.9242, 0.6927 and 0.1820,respectively. The average genetic distance between haplotypes (P) was 0.62%±0.31%, 0.64%±0.37%, 1.12%±0.55%,0.72%±0.42% and 0.45%, respectively. And the nucleotide diversity (π) was 0.22%, 0.13%, 0.46%, 0.17% and 0.04%, respectively. The wild groupers in the Zhanjiang Coastal Area exhibited a relative higher level of genetic diversity. The net genetic distance between species (Pnet) was 0.0694(E. merra - E. fario),0.1337(E. merra - E. awoara),0.1090 E. merra -E. akaara), 0.1286(E. merra - E. septemfasciatus),0.1590(E. fario -E. awoara),0.0825(E. fario -E. akaara),0.1153(E. fario - E. septemfasciatus),0.1131 E. awoara - E. akaara),0.0724(E. awoara -E. septemfasciatus) and 0.1336(E. akaara - E. septemfasciatus). Both NJ and UPGMA methods yielded an identical phylogenetic tree for the five species. The E. merra and E. fario first clustered together, then joined with E. akaara, and finally clustered with E. awoara and E. septemfasciatus. 相似文献
83.
本研究旨在探讨短期饲喂高脂饲料对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×Epinephelus lanceolatus♂)生长性能和抗氧化能力所产生的影响,以便于预估高脂饲料对石斑鱼生长可能产生的负面影响。在粗蛋白水平为48%的基础上分别配制脂肪水平为8%(EE8)、10%(EE10)、12%(EE12)、14%(EE14)、16%(EE16)、18%(EE18)和20%(EE20)的7组等氮饲料,饲喂初均重为(13.70±0.01) g的珍珠龙胆石斑鱼4周。实验结果表明,随着饲料粗脂肪水平的提升,增重率(WGR)和存活率(SR)无显著性变化(P>0.05),EE14~EE20组饲料系数(FCR)显著降低(P<0.05),而脏体比(VSI)显著增大(P<0.05),饲料粗脂肪超过16%后蛋白质效率(PER)显著上升(P<0.05)。EE14~EE20组腹肌粗脂肪(AMEEC)显著升高(P<0.05),EE16~EE20组的肝体比(HSI)显著增大(P<0.05)。与EE12组相比,EE8、EE10、EE18和EE20组的... 相似文献
84.
温度与盐度对云龙石斑鱼幼鱼耗氧率和排氨率的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了研究饱食和饥饿状态下温度(24、27、30和33℃)、盐度(15、20、25、30和33)对云龙石斑鱼幼鱼(Epinephelus groupers)耗氧率(OCR)和排氨率(AER)的影响,采用密闭流水式呼吸实验方法对OCR和AER进行了测定。结果显示:饱食和饥饿状态下,温度、盐度对云龙石斑鱼幼鱼OCR和AER影响均显著(P0.05);当温度为24℃~33℃时,饱食状态下的OCR和AER分别比饥饿状态的提高30.29%~131.84%和131.82%~316.19%。饱食状态下,氧氮比(O∶N)、蛋白质供能比(PSR)、Q10(呼吸)、Q10(代泄)分别为12.54~20.18、27.74%~48.48%、1.21、1.60;而在饥饿状态下分别为25.77~35.90、19.49%~27.19%、1.87、3.41;当盐度为15~33时,饱食状态下OCR和AER分别比饥饿状态的提高100.41%~128.21%、182.19%~382.83%。饱食状态下,O∶N、PSR分别为13.32~20.72、39.47%~49.42%,而在饥饿状态下分别为29.18~30.98、22.59%~23.98%。研究表明,云龙石斑鱼幼鱼的最适生长温度为24℃~27℃,最适生长盐度为30~33。 相似文献
85.
IFN-γ在天然免疫和适应性免疫应答中均发挥着重要的作用。由于低等脊椎动物IFN-γ与哺乳动物IFN-γ相似性非常低,硬骨鱼类的IFN-γ近年来才得到鉴定。本研究报道了斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)的IFN-γ基因,并对其表达进行了分析。斜带石斑鱼IFN-γcDNA全长为867 bp,编码200个氨基酸。其基因组全长为5 104 bp,由4个外显子、3个内含子组成。氨基酸序列比对显示斜带石斑鱼IFN-γ与高等脊椎动物IFN-γ的序列相似性较低,仅为32.5%~39%,与其他硬骨鱼类的IFN-γ相似性为38.0%~68.5%。序列分析结果显示,斜带石斑鱼IFN-γ分子C末端中存在IFN-γ的特征序列以及核定位基序。二级结构分析结果显示斜带石斑鱼IFN-γ序列中包含6个α螺旋结构,其排列与高等脊椎动物的IFN-γ类似。应用荧光定量PCR检测了IFN-γ基因在Poly I:C诱导后的表达变化。发现在肾、脾、鳃、头肾、皮肤和胸腺组织中,Poly I:C能显著诱导IFN-γ的表达,在胸腺中上调倍数最高,其次为头肾、脾、肾、皮肤和鳃,而在脑和心脏组织中没有显著变化。据此推测,IFN-γ在斜带石斑鱼抵抗病毒感染的过程中起有十分重要的作用。 相似文献
86.
87.
口服当归多糖对点带石斑鱼非特异性免疫力的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]研究口服当归多糖对点带石斑鱼非特异性免疫力的影响。[方法]将05、02、00、350和500 mg/kg当归多糖添加到基础饵料中饲喂点带石斑鱼28 d,研究血浆中酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、溶菌酶(LZM)、补体C3和C4含量、白蛋白/球蛋白比值(A/G)、血液白细胞数和白细胞吞噬能力。[结果]喂食当归多糖能提高血浆ACP、LZM活力、补体C3和C4含量,降低血浆A/G值。另外,喂食当归多糖能提高点带石斑鱼血液白细胞数和白细胞吞噬率。[结论]当归多糖能提高点带石斑鱼非特异性免疫力,饵料中当归多糖的建议添加量为50 mg/kg,连续喂食21 d。 相似文献
88.
观测研究了七带石斑鱼(Epinephelus septemfasciatus)幼鱼和云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara)幼鱼在封闭式循环养殖系统中的生长特性,用SPSS 17.0软件中的Curve Estimation对相关数据进行模型分析与参数估计。结果表明,经过122 d的养殖,七带石斑鱼幼鱼平均体质量由(114.836±25.343)g增加到(213.861±38.604)g,相对增长率为0.707%,全长(TL)与养殖时间(t)的函数关系式为TL=-0.006t3+1.622t+13.954,体质量(W)与体长(BL)的关系式为W=0.436BL2.055;云纹石斑鱼幼鱼平均体质量由(79.620±13.007)g增加到(238.086±46.307)g,相对增长率为1.631%,全长(TL)与养殖时间(t)的函数关系式为TL=-0.013t2+2.008t+11.540,体质量(W)与体长(BL)的关系式为W=0.018BL3.083。两种幼鱼丰满度生长差异不显著(P0.05),都保持在2.2-3.4之间。 相似文献
89.
The effect of dietary administration of Lactococcus lactis MM1 and Enterococcus faecium MM4, two strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from the gut of juvenile grouper Epinephelus coioides, on the growth, feed utilization, digestive enzymes and immune response of juvenile E. coioides was evaluated. The fish were fed for 60 days with three different diets: control diet (without probiotic), diet P1 supplemented with 1.0 × 108 CFU g?1L. lactis or diet P2 with 1.0 × 108 CFU g?1E. faecium. Although growth and feed intake decreased slightly, significant improvement of feed utilization was observed in fish fed diet P1 and diet P2 for 60 days. The hepatopancreatic protease activities in the two probiotic treatments were significantly higher than that in the control. The phagocytic activity, serum superoxide dismutase activity and complement component 4 (C4) and IgM levels were not significantly affected by diet P1 and diet P2. Serum complement component 3 (C3) levels in the two treatments were significantly higher than that in the control. Significant increased serum lysozyme activity was observed in fish fed the diet P1, while significant decreased lysozyme activity was observed in fish fed the diet P2 compared with the fish fed the control diet. There was a significant interaction effect between diet and administration date for the complement C4. The study demonstrates potential for L. lactis MM1 and E. faecium MM4 to improve the feed utilization and modulate the immune function in E. coioides. 相似文献
90.
Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) are GTPase-activating proteins (GAP) which act as modulators of G protein-coupled receptors. We isolated a RGS16 homologue in yellow grouper (Epinephelus awoara) spleen using suppression subtractive hybridization and RACE-PCR. The nucleotide sequence of yellow grouper RGS16 full-length cDNA was 700 bp and contained an open reading frame of 537 bp, encoding a putative protein of 178 amino acids. The encoded protein shows 47–61% identities to other homologues. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that RGS16 was expressed in yellow grouper spleen and up-regulated in kidney heart, liver, and anterior kidney by lipopolysaccharide. This study will help towards validating the specific function of RGS in marine fish. 相似文献